Life below Water

Over 2 Mn tonnes of sewage and effluent waste are dumped into global water bodies on a daily basis². Wastewater from mining activities contains heavy metals, which adversely affect the ecological health of aquatic lives¹. Heavy metals interfere wi...

Mining causes adverse environmental impacts and deteriorates water quality¹. The impacts of mining on water quality include acid mine drainage, heavy metal contamination (pollution from arsenic, cadmium, iron, lead, silver, zinc, etc), erosion, an...

We use metal products everyday^1;p7. However, disposal of mine waste by mining industries to river bodies poses severe environmental problems, namely reduction of species abundance and toxic metal accumulation through food webs in water ecosystems^1...

Hazardous materials (PCBs, pesticides, heavy metals, etc.)^1;p6 pose a threat to public health and the environment^1;p9. Groundwater contamination and water well closures are the two most extensive categories of damage from hazardous waste sites in ...

Globally, around 80% of wastewater is discharged without proper treatment¹. Wastewater contaminates water bodies, which puts a wide variety of wildlife, including hundreds of species of fish that live in water, at risk². Oil spills can have a detr...

Surface waters are utilized in human activities both as water sources and receivers of wastewater, making them among the most important yet polluted ecosystems¹. Heavy metals adversely affect the aquatic ecosystem by inhibiting the development and...

Mining has negative environmental implications and degrades water quality¹. Aluminium mining generates effluent that contains heavy metals, which pollute water and persist in the environment^2;p37,3. Organisms absorb these contaminants which bioacc...

Globally, 380 billion m³ of wastewater is discharged annually¹. Approximately 80% is released into the environment without adequate treatment significantly affecting aquatic ecosystems¹. Mining poses perilous effects on water systems through erosi...

Globally, around 80% of wastewater is discharged without proper treatment¹. Water pollution results in algal blooms which reduces oxygen levels in the aquatic environments². The presence of phosphorus (P) in high levels causes eutrophication of wa...

Globally, around 80% of wastewater is discharged without proper treatment¹. Water pollution results in algal blooms in aquatic environments, which quickly increase nutrient levels that support plant and algae growth while reducing water O₂ levels^2...